<?xml version='1.0'?>
<?xml-stylesheet type='text/xsl' href='pmathml.xsl'?>
<html xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<head>
<title>The AD Error Function</title>
<meta name="description" id="description" content="The AD Error Function"/>
<meta name="keywords" id="keywords" content=" erf Ad function error "/>
<style type='text/css'>
body { color : black }
body { background-color : white }
A:link { color : blue }
A:visited { color : purple }
A:active { color : purple }
</style>
<script type='text/javascript' language='JavaScript' src='_erf_xml.js'>
</script>
</head>
<body>
<table><tr>
<td>
<a href="http://www.coin-or.org/CppAD/" target="_top"><img border="0" src="_image.gif"/></a>
</td>
<td><a href="epsilon.cpp.xml" target="_top">Prev</a>
</td><td><a href="erf.cpp.xml" target="_top">Next</a>
</td><td>
<select onchange='choose_across0(this)'>
<option>Index-&gt;</option>
<option>contents</option>
<option>reference</option>
<option>index</option>
<option>search</option>
<option>external</option>
</select>
</td>
<td>
<select onchange='choose_up0(this)'>
<option>Up-&gt;</option>
<option>CppAD</option>
<option>AD</option>
<option>ADValued</option>
<option>MathOther</option>
<option>erf</option>
</select>
</td>
<td>
<select onchange='choose_down3(this)'>
<option>AD-&gt;</option>
<option>Default</option>
<option>ad_copy</option>
<option>Convert</option>
<option>ADValued</option>
<option>BoolValued</option>
<option>VecAD</option>
<option>base_require</option>
</select>
</td>
<td>
<select onchange='choose_down2(this)'>
<option>ADValued-&gt;</option>
<option>Arithmetic</option>
<option>std_math_ad</option>
<option>MathOther</option>
<option>CondExp</option>
<option>Discrete</option>
<option>user_atomic</option>
</select>
</td>
<td>
<select onchange='choose_down1(this)'>
<option>MathOther-&gt;</option>
<option>abs</option>
<option>sign</option>
<option>atan2</option>
<option>epsilon</option>
<option>erf</option>
<option>pow</option>
</select>
</td>
<td>
<select onchange='choose_down0(this)'>
<option>erf-&gt;</option>
<option>Erf.cpp</option>
</select>
</td>
<td>
<select onchange='choose_current0(this)'>
<option>Headings-&gt;</option>
<option>Syntax</option>
<option>Description</option>
<option>x</option>
<option>Operation Sequence</option>
<option>Method</option>
<option>Example</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr></table><br/>


<center><b><big><big>The AD Error Function</big></big></b></center>
<br/>
<b><big><a name="Syntax" id="Syntax">Syntax</a></big></b>

<br/>

<code><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>y</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>&#xA0;=&#xA0;erf(</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>x</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>)</span></font></code>



<br/>
<br/>
<b><big><a name="Description" id="Description">Description</a></big></b>
<br/>
Returns the value of the error function which is defined by

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow>
<mrow><mstyle mathvariant='normal'><mi mathvariant='normal'>erf</mi>
</mstyle></mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi mathvariant='italic'>x</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo stretchy="false">=</mo>
<mfrac><mrow><mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#x003C0;</mi>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<msubsup><mo stretchy="false">&#x0222B;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi mathvariant='italic'>x</mi>
</msubsup>
<mi>exp</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mo stretchy="false">-</mo>
<mi mathvariant='italic'>t</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">*</mo>
<mi mathvariant='italic'>t</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mspace width='.3em'/>
<mrow><mstyle mathvariant='bold'><mi mathvariant='bold'>d</mi>
</mstyle></mrow>
<mi mathvariant='italic'>t</mi>
</mrow></math>

<br/>
<b><big><a name="x" id="x">x</a></big></b>
<br/>
The argument 
<code><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>x</span></font></i></code>
, and the result 
<code><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>y</span></font></i></code>

have one of the following paris of prototypes:

<code><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'><br/>
&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;const&#xA0;float</span></font><i><font color="black"></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&amp;</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>x</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>,&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;float</span></font><i><font color="black"></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>y</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'><br/>
&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;const&#xA0;double</span></font><i><font color="black"></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&amp;</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>x</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>,&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;double</span></font><i><font color="black"></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>y</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'><br/>
&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;const&#xA0;AD&lt;</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>Base</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>&gt;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&amp;</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>x</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>,&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;AD&lt;</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>Base</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>&gt;&#xA0;</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>y</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'><br/>
&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;const&#xA0;VecAD&lt;</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>Base</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>&gt;::reference&#xA0;&amp;</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>x</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>,&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;&#xA0;AD&lt;</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>Base</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>&gt;&#xA0;</span></font><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>y</span></font></i><font color="blue"><span style='white-space: nowrap'><br/>
</span></font></code>
<br/>
<b><big><a name="Operation Sequence" id="Operation Sequence">Operation Sequence</a></big></b>
<br/>
The AD of 
<code><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>Base</span></font></i></code>

operation sequence used to calculate 
<code><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>y</span></font></i></code>
 is
<a href="glossary.xml#Operation.Independent" target="_top"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>independent</span></a>

of 
<code><i><font color="black"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>x</span></font></i></code>
.

<br/>
<br/>
<b><big><a name="Method" id="Method">Method</a></big></b>
<br/>
This is a fast approximation (few numerical operations) 
with relative error bound 
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
<mo stretchy="false">&#x000D7;</mo>
<msup><mn>10</mn>
<mrow><mn>-4</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow></math>

; see
Vedder, J.D.,
<i>Simple approximations for the error function and its inverse</i>,
American Journal of Physics, 
v 55, 
n 8, 
1987, 
p 762-3.

<br/>
<br/>
<b><big><a name="Example" id="Example">Example</a></big></b>

<br/>
The file
<a href="erf.cpp.xml" target="_top"><span style='white-space: nowrap'>Erf.cpp</span></a>

contains an example and test of this function.   
It returns true if it succeeds and false otherwise.


<hr/>Input File: cppad/local/erf.hpp

</body>
</html>

